Neurological assessment is a systematic clinical evaluation  used to identify the site, nature, and severity of a lesion  in the nervous system. It is based on a structured approach rather than random examination. Core Principles of Clinical Diagnosis in Neurology 1. Anatomical Localization (Where is the lesion?) This is the most important principle . A neurologist first determines which part of the nervous system is affected : Brain (cortex, brainstem, cerebellum)  Spinal co

An evidence-based guide for patients and physiotherapists INTRODUCTION Scoliosis is often misunderstood as a permanent spinal deformity. In clinical practice, many spinal curves are actually temporary and reversible. Broadly, scoliosis can be classified into functional scoliosis and structural scoliosis. Correct differentiation is essential for appropriate treatment planning, patient education, and prognosis. WHAT IS SCOLIOSIS? Scoliosis is defined as a lateral curvature of t

INTRODUCTION Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints worldwide and a leading cause of disability. While spinal structures like intervertebral discs often receive attention, growing research highlights the crucial role of surrounding musculature—especially the gluteal muscles—in preventing and managing back pain. Understanding and addressing gluteal muscle dysfunction can significantly reduce the burden of chronic and recurrent low back pain. A